| 中华名石介绍
Chinese Famous Chop Introduction of Stone |
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福建寿山石 Fujian Shoushan
Stone |
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寿山石出产于中国福建省闽侯县，为中国印石最著名的品种。 |
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Shoushan stone is produced
in Minhou County, Fujian Province. It is the most famous carvible
stone in China. |
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寿山石被采用作雕刻材料, 据记载已有一千五百多年的历史，用于治印，也已近五百年。按生产地区分为高山系石、月洋山系石、旗山系石和峨眉山系石。 |
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It was said that Shoushan
Stone was adopted as carving material for more than 1,500 years
and used as chop material for more than 500 years. According
to different production area, we divide them into following
categories, that is, Gaoshan Family Stone, Yueyang Family Stone,
Qishan Family Stone, and Emeishan Family Stone. |
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高山石产于寿山乡高山主峰, 质量最好。它们有的藏于田里、有的埋于土中、有的拾于溪里、有的产于坑洞里。 |
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Gaoshan Family Stone is
produced at the Gaoshan Mountain of Shoushan Township with fine
quality in Shoushan Stone family. They can be found at field,
under the ground, in mountain stream and the mountain pits. |
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产于田里的田石，自古就被视为天下第一名石，有“一两田黄、三两黄金”之说。田黄藏于寿山山溪两旁水田底层，是古砂层中的零散石块。其中以上坂为最多，中坂、下坂中也有发现。这种石块，是高山露于表层之石块,
经雨水冲涮, 迁入山溪水田之中，经千万年溪水浸润洗涮，晶莹剔透。田石一般是独石, 由石农翻田搜，往往也只偶而得之。历经数百年挖掘后,
目前已极难寻觅, 故而十分珍贵。黄田石中黄色的称为田黄[图1.1.1], 白色称为田白，黄白合于一石称为金银地。此外，还有黑田、红田等品种。 |
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Stone found in the field
is called Tian Huang Stone (or Field Stone). It was regarded
as the best carvible stone. There is a folk adage illustrating
its high value: “one Liang (Chinese unit, 1 Liang=50 grams)
Tian Huang equals multi-Liang gold”. TianHuang is found in the
field along the side of Gaoshan mountain stream. It is the monazite
stone in ancient sand layer. Most of the Tian Huang Stone was
discovered at Shangban, the upper reaches of the mountain stream.
Tian Huang Stone was found at Zhongban at random, the middle
of the mountain stream and Xiaban,the lowerreaches of the mountain
stream. Tian Huang Stone was the ground stone of Gaoshan Mountain
carried away by the rain and the stream. After million years
of water soaking, the stone became sparkling and crystal-clear.
It was found at the field by farming easants. Through years
of digging, it is very difficult to be found. So the stone is
greatly treasured. The yellow one is called Tian Huang [picture
1.1.1], the white called White Tian, a stone with yellow and
white called Jin Ying Di. There are some other species called
Black Tian and Red Tian. |
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高山石系中的上品还有：水晶坑[图1.1.2]、杜灵坑[图1.1.3]、鹿目格[图1.1.4]、荔枝冻[图1.1.5]等。 |
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There are some more Gaoshan
Stone called: Crystal Pit [picture 1.1.2], Duling Pit [picture
1.1.3], Lumuge [picture 1.1.4], Litchi-jelly Stone [picture
1.1.5], etc. |
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月洋山系石产于寿山东南之月洋山。其中以芙蓉石[图1.1.6]最为出名。乾隆(1736～1795年)前,
有人誉其质胜田黄。有“芙蓉似白玉而纯粹, 玉不受刀, 逊于芙蓉矣。”之说。 |
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Yueyang Family Stone is
produced at Yueyang Mountain, southeast to Shoushan. Furong
Stone [picture 1.1.6] is well-known in this family. Before Qianlong
(1736～1795), it was believed that its quality was better than
that of Tian Huang and there was an ancient article to demonstrate
the point: “The color of Furong liked White Jade. The Jade is
too hard to be carved (the hardness is higher than iron.), so
it is worse than Furong.” |
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| 月洋山系石的佳品还有：半山石、溪蛋石等。 |
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| There are still some good Yueyang
stones cherished by people, such as Banshan Stone and
Xidan Stone. |
| 旗山系石产于寿山以西之旗山附近，石质略逊于高山和月洋山系石,
其中月尾石[图1.1.7]、大山石较受重视。 |
| Qishan Family Stone is produced
at Qishan Mountain, west to Shoushan. The quality is somewhat
worse than that of Gaoshan and Yueyang Family Stone. Some
of the items greatly valued are Yuewei Stone (picture
1.1.7) and Dashan Stone. |
| 峨眉山系石产于月洋山北的峨眉山。部分峨眉石颜色接近高山石，但石质较为疏松，一些石商将其充作高山石。 |
| Emei Family Stone is produced
at Emei Mountain, north to Yueyang Mountain. The color
of some of the Emei Stones is close to that of Gaoshan
Family Stones, but the grain is much loosen. Some businessmen
took it to be Goshan Stone. |
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